When to plant cauliflower in Toronto
Cauliflower is cold-hardy, so every date keys off Toronto's frost dates of May 9.
Step 1 · Sow
Start seeds indoors
Mar 28 – Apr 18
Before your last frost, on a warm windowsill or heat mat.
Step 2 · Plant
Transplant outdoors
Apr 25 – May 16
Once frost risk has passed and nights stay mild.
Step 3 · Harvest
Harvest window
Jun 24 – Jul 19
Picking runs until conditions turn against the crop.
Window
Days to maturity
60 – 85 d
Toronto's 150-day season leaves this much room.
Cauliflower on Toronto's growing year
Frost-bounded season with crops mapped onto the 12-month axis.
Frost risk Growing Harvest
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
FROST
FROST
MAY 9
OCT 6
Common questions
When will cauliflower be ready to harvest in Toronto?
Expect to harvest from around late June (Jun 24–Jul 19) in Toronto, based on its local frost dates. Confidence 79%.
When should I start cauliflower seeds indoors in Toronto?
Start seeds indoors around late March (Mar 28–Apr 18) in Toronto, based on its local frost dates. Confidence 84%.
When can I transplant cauliflower outdoors in Toronto?
Transplant outdoors around late April (Apr 25–May 16) in Toronto, based on its local frost dates. Confidence 88%.
How long is the growing season in Toronto?
Toronto has roughly 150 frost-free days, which is enough time to grow cauliflower to maturity outdoors.
The rule of thumb
Sow cauliflower as soon as the soil is workable — it tolerates cool weather and light frost. Every date on this page is derived from that rule and Toronto's frost dates.
Confidence 88/100 · NOAA GHCN-Daily · 1991–2020 normals · frost dates are probabilities, not guarantees.